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https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/relative_clauses/relative-clauses-intermediate/62339
https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/relative_clauses/relative-clauses-relative/34838
https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/relative_clauses/relative-clauses-preintermediate/19535
https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/relative_clauses/relative-clauses-london/29171
https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/defining_relative_clauses/relative-clauses-defining/21175https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/relative_pronouns_whowhichwhere/relative-clauses-intermediate/7483
https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/relative_clause_-_decribing_people/relative-clauses-people/63153
https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/relative_clauses/relative-clauses/77243https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/relative_clause/relative-clauses-intermediate/19939
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The relative pronouns are:
| Subject | Object | Possessive |
|---|---|---|
| who | who(m) | whose |
| which | which | whose |
| that | that |
We use who and whom for people, and which for things.
Or we can use that for people or things.
We use relative pronouns:
• after a noun, to make it clear which person or thing we are talking about:
the house that Jack built
the woman who discovered radium
an eight-year-old boy who attempted to rob a sweet shop
the woman who discovered radium
an eight-year-old boy who attempted to rob a sweet shop
• to tell us more about a person or thing:
My mother, who was born overseas, has always been a great traveller.
Lord Thompson, who is 76, has just retired.
We had fish and chips, which is my favourite meal.
Lord Thompson, who is 76, has just retired.
We had fish and chips, which is my favourite meal.
But we do not use that as a subject in this kind of relative clause.
We use whose as the possessive form of who:
This is George, whose brother went to school with me.
We sometimes use whom as the object of a verb or preposition:
This is George, whom you met at our house last year.
This is George’s brother, with whom I went to school.
This is George’s brother, with whom I went to school.
But nowadays we normally use who:
This is George, who you met at our house last year.
This is George’s brother, who I went to school with.
This is George’s brother, who I went to school with.
When whom or which have a preposition the preposition can come at the beginning of the clause...
I had an uncle in Germany, from who[m] I inherited a bit of money.
We bought a chainsaw, with which we cut up all the wood.
We bought a chainsaw, with which we cut up all the wood.
… or at the end of the clause:
I had an uncle in Germany who[m] I inherited a bit of money from.
We bought a chainsaw, which we cut all the wood up with.
We bought a chainsaw, which we cut all the wood up with.
We can use that at the beginning of the clause:
I had an uncle in Germany that I inherited a bit of money from.
We bought a chainsaw that we cut all the wood up with.
We bought a chainsaw that we cut all the wood up with.
Relative Clauses and Pronouns - ESL EFL Games, Activities and Worksheets
Fold your Arms
ESL EFL Listening and Speaking Activity - Pre-intermediate - 25 Minutes
In this amusing card game, students describe pictures of objects, people, places, and times with defining relative clauses. The class is divided into groups of three or four. Each group is given a set of picture cards, which they shuffle and place face down in a pile on the desk. Students take it in turns to pick up the top card, look at the picture, place the card face down and fold their arms. The student then describes the object, person, place or time to the other students using defining relative clauses. When describing pictures, students must keep their arms folded. This is to stop them from miming or using gestures. Students are also not allowed to say the name of the object, person, place or time or use variations of the word. The first student to guess the word wins and keeps the card. If no one guesses the word, the card is placed at the bottom of the pile. The next student then picks up a card and so on. Students continue taking turns describing the pictures on the cards until there are no cards left in the pile. The student with the most cards at the end of the game wins.
Fold your Arms.PDF Exclusive
I didn't know that!
ESL EFL Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking Activity - Pre-intermediate - 40 Minutes
In this entertaining worksheet activity, students write imaginary information about their classmates using non-defining relative clauses with 'who'. Each student is given a copy of the worksheet. The students begin by writing down the names of everyone in the class or group in the first column of the worksheet. The students then sit in a circle and fold their worksheet so only the 'Relative clauses' column is showing. The students complete the first non-defining relative clause with 'who' any way they like. The students then pass the worksheet to the person on their right and complete the next relative clause. This procedure is repeated until all the relative clauses with 'who' have been completed. After that, the students do the same with the ‘Verb phrases’ column. When the students have finished, they open out their completed worksheet and read the sentences, correcting any mistakes they find. The students then read out their sentences to the class or group. The student who is the subject of each sentence says whether the information is true or not. Finally, the students are divided into small groups. The students take it in turns to read out their sentences and the other students change the sentences to make them true.
https://www.teach-this.com/grammar-activities-worksheets/relative-clauses-pronouns----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Relative Pronouns Activities & Games
Relative Pronouns
For students, relative pronouns aren't the easiest part of grammar to master. Knowing when to use 'who' versus 'whom' or 'which' and 'that' can be a conundrum to our students. For some of our students, they would probably prefer to do math practice than trying to untangle the web of relative pronouns. However, there are some interactive ways to teach students about relative pronouns that will help them become masters of the subject.
The Never Ending Sentence Game
The never ending sentence game gives students a chance to create silly sentences, in a competitive format, while practicing using their relative pronouns correctly. It's a fun activity that can be done in small groups with students who are English Language Learners all the way up to high school students who may need help with grammar.
Materials: for each group in your class you will need:
- A set of about 50 cards with multiple copies of the relative pronouns (who, whose, who(m), which, and that)
- A set of cards with pictures of common people, objects, and places (police man, apple, bus stop, library, etc.).
Directions:
- Divide your class into groups of four to five students.
- In each group, deal each student four cards from the relative pronoun cards and the picture cards.
- The first student starts playing a picture card and uses the image on the card to start a sentence. For example, if they played a picture of a bus stop, they might say, 'I was standing at the bus stop… .'
- The next student must play a relative pronoun card and add to the sentence, such as, 'I was standing at the bus stop that was next to my school... .'
- The next student plays a picture card, adding to the sentence again. For example, 'I was standing at the bus stop that was next to my school, which was near a park… .'
- The game continues until they run out of cards or ideas for their sentence.
- The group with the longest grammatically correct sentence wins.
Relative Pronoun Sentence Sorts
Using sentence sorts is a great strategy for students to practice relative pronouns. It will help them practice using sentence structure and context clues to select the appropriate relative pronoun.
Materials: for each student or small group of students you will need:
- Three to six sentences using relative pronouns that have been cut into four sections: the beginning of the sentence, the relative pronoun, the rest of the clause that starts with the relative pronoun, and the end of the sentence. Have fun with your sentences - make them as silly as you want them to be!
- Created leveled sets, with the first having three sentences, the second having four sentences, and so on.
- Created examples of sentences that correctly use relative clauses.
Directions (students may work independently or in small groups):
- Give each group a set of cards and tell them how many sentences it contains.
- Have students reassemble your sentences.
- If you want to make it more challenging, you can even make it a race between groups
https://study.com/academy/lesson/relative-pronouns-activities-games.html
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https://cdn-educators.brainpop.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/relative_pronouns_sentence_strips.pdf
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Relative Pronouns Lesson Plan
Grade Levels: 3-5, 6-8
In the BrainPOP ELL movie Action! (L3U6L1), Ben and Moby make a movie about their school. The two are having so much fun reminiscing about their school days, that they don’t realize the mistake they’ve made. What is it? Watch to find out, and be sure to listen for relative pronouns. In this lesson plan, adaptable for grades 3-8, students identify and practice using relative pronouns in listening, speaking, and writing activities.
Students will:
- Identify relative clauses in the movie.
- Describe pictures using relative pronouns.
- Connect sentences using relative pronouns.
Materials:
- BrainPOP ELL
- Relative Pronouns Sentence Strips
- Images of famous buildings, landmarks, people, inventions, etc.
Vocabulary:
who, whose, whom, which, that, where, when, why
Related, connected, describe
Multiple meaning word: relative
Related, connected, describe
Multiple meaning word: relative
Preparation:
For Activity 2, Describe, the Picture, gather images of famous buildings, landmarks, people, inventions, etc. from magazines, online printouts, etc.- Push the button ________ is on the side of the camera.
- This is the place ________ you will be getting your education.
- This chair, ________ is way too small for me now, is ________ I used to sit.
- The gym is ________ we have physical education.
- The kids ________ play sports spend a lot of time here.
For the extension activity, make copies of the children’s poem “The House that Jack Built.” Many versions of the poem can be found online.
Lesson Procedure:
- It’s All Relative. Write the word relative on the board and invite students to brainstorm what this word makes them think of. Jot down their responses. Student may know that a relative is someone who is related to us, or part of our family. Explain that another meaning for related is connected. Explain that they are going to learn about relative pronouns, which are pronouns that connect parts of sentences.
Now write a few sentences on the board using relative pronouns. Underline the relative pronouns. Here are some examples:
Tom is the boy who always wears blue.
This is the book that I read last summer.
The morning is when I eat breakfast.
The gym is where we go to play basketball.
Read the first sentence aloud and ask students what the who refers to. What word is it related to? Ask about the underlined relative pronoun in each sentence. Then ask students why they think these words are called “relative pronouns.”
Watch the Relative Pronouns section of the Grammar movie in Action! (L3U6L1). Pause for students to add more or different examples to show their understanding. They can use the sentences in the Grammar movie as the basis for additional sentences. For example, instead of I know the girl who lives in this house, students might say, I know the girl who is standing over there. Or, students can create a sentence using the same relative pronoun, but a different noun. For example, I know a boy who has a dog like that. - Describe the Picture. Distribute pictures of famous buildings, landmarks, and people to teams of students. Taking turns within their teams, students choose a picture and describe it to the rest of the class using a relative pronoun. They do not show the picture to the class. Students on the other teams guess what the picture is. For example: This is a building that is famous in London. This is a soccer/football player who plays for Barcelona.
- Build a Sentence. Print and cut out the Relative Pronoun Sentence Strips. Distribute the sentence fragments and relative pronouns to pairs of students, small groups, or individuals. Challenge students to create sentences with the sentence fragments. For students who need extra support, provide the two clauses and have students fill in the missing relative pronoun. Use an interactive white board to conduct the activity with the whole class.
- Hear It, Say It Cloze. Use the Hear It, Say It feature for a cloze activity (see Preparation). Students complete the sentences with relative pronouns and then listen to check their answers. To differentiate and add more support, provide a list of the relative pronouns.
- Discuss It. Before watching the movie Action! (L3U6L1), have a class discussion about what it’s like to be a new student at school. Encourage students to share ideas about what might make them feel welcome at a new school. Tell them that in this movie, Ben and Moby are making a video for new students at their school. Ask students what they might include in a video about their school. After sharing ideas, watch the movie as a class.
EXTENSION ACTIVITY The children’s poem “The House that Jack Built” is perfect for teaching relative clauses because each line includes one in a repetitive language pattern. Make copies of the poem for the students and read it together. Then ask students to read, or memorize and recite it for the class. They may choose to create a poster or book to go with it.
https://educators.brainpop.com/lesson-plan/3-6-1-relative-pronouns-lesson-plan/
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Relative pronouns – who, which, whose – Exercise
- I talked to the girl car had broken down in front of the shop.
- Mr Richards, is a taxi driver, lives on the corner.
- I live in a house in Norwich is in East Anglia.
- This is the girl comes from Spain.
- That's Peter, the boy has just arrived at the airport.
- Thank you very much for your e-mail was very interesting.
- The man, father is a professor, forgot his umbrella.
- The children, shouted in the street, are not from our school.
- The car, driver is a young man, is from Ireland.
- What did you do with the money your mother lent you?
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/pronouns/relative_pronouns.htm
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Module 2, Pronouns, Lesson 7:
Relative Pronouns
Definition: A relative is someone who has a relationship with you. Relative pronounsshow a relationship between a noun and a clause. The clause provides describing information about the noun. You can also use relative pronouns to combine two sentences into one.
| Relative Pronouns | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| That | Which | Who | Whom | Whose |
- Note:
- Some relative pronouns may look like interrogative or demonstrative pronouns, but that doesn't mean all three types of pronouns do the same job. You'll learn more about the differences among the three types later in this lesson.
Who, whom, and whose relate to people (or pets if you refer to them by name). Which is used with objects. That is preferably used only with objects, but you will see it used with people. Try to get in the habit of using who with people instead of that. It is more polite. (More information on that vs. which can be found here.)
Examples of Relative Pronouns
I like roller coasters that have lots of loops.
(that = roller coasters)
(that = roller coasters)
Ice cream, which is my favorite dessert, tastes very refreshing on a hot summer day.
(which = ice cream)
(which = ice cream)
Teachers who have a sense of humor are easy to get along with.
(who = teachers)
(who = teachers)
My cousin, who is from Illinois, visits me every year.
(who = my cousin)
(who = my cousin)
The friend whom you saw yesterday wants to go out again tonight.
(whom = friend)
(whom = friend)
The man whose shirt was stained rushed home for a change of clothes.
(whose = the man's)
(whose = the man's)
In each of these sentences, you can see that the relative pronoun introduces additional information about the noun.
You can also use relative pronouns to combine two sentences. This feature makes relative pronouns an excellent tool for improving your writing. Take a look at the following two sentences:
The team won the championship. The team went to Disneyland to celebrate.
They sound a little choppy and mechanical, don't they? You can fix that problem by using the relative pronoun that to replace the noun team in the second sentence. Doing so will allow you to combine both sentences into one.
The team that won the championship went to Disneyland to celebrate.
Now you have a single concise sentence instead of two choppy sentences. Also notice how won the championshipgives us additional information about the team. We wouldn't know which team went to Disneyland without using a relative pronoun to give us more information. (For more information, look here.)
- Note:
- Even though relative pronouns can be used to connect clauses, they are not the same as conjunctions. A relative pronoun fulfills two roles: it serves as both a pronoun and a connector. On the other hand, a conjunction's one and only role is to connect two clauses. Conjunctions can never be pronouns.
As you have probably already noticed, many interrogative, demonstrative, and relative pronouns look exactly the same. In order to tell the difference, you must analyze how these pronouns are being used in a sentence. If they are being used to ask a question, they are interrogative. When you use them to show or point to something, they are demonstrative. You will know if a pronoun is relative if 1) the pronoun introduces describing information about a noun or 2) the pronoun is acting like a conjunction. Below you'll see some examples to help you understand the differences.
Interrogative: Whom did you ask about the movie times?
(The pronoun whom is being used to ask a question.)
(The pronoun whom is being used to ask a question.)
Relative: Dave is the person whom you asked about the movie times.
(The pronoun whom is being use to introduce additional information about Dave.)
(The pronoun whom is being use to introduce additional information about Dave.)
Demonstrative: That is the book I found.
(The pronoun that shows which book I found. It may help you to imagine someone pointing to the book.)
(The pronoun that shows which book I found. It may help you to imagine someone pointing to the book.)
Relative: I found the book that you lost. (book I found = book you lost)
(The pronoun that connects the two sentences You lost the book and I found the book. It also gives us some describing information about the book.)
(The pronoun that connects the two sentences You lost the book and I found the book. It also gives us some describing information about the book.)
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Test your knowledge on Relative Clauses. After submitting your answers, you will see how well you have done in the test.
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Relative clauses
21
We use relative clauses to describe or give extra information about something we have already mentioned. We often use relative pronouns (e.g. who, where, that, which, whose) to introduce relative clauses.
What are relative clauses and why do we use them?
A clause is a group of words containing a verb. Relative clauses are a way of giving more information about a person, thing, place, event, etc. We often use them to avoid repeating information.
The Uros people make fires. Their fires are used for cooking. = The Uros people make fires, which they use for cooking.
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Relative Clauses
- Content
- How to form relative clauses
- Relative pronouns
- Subject pronouns or Object pronouns?
- Relative adverbs
- Defining relative clauses
- Non-defining relative clauses
- How to shorten relative clauses
- Exercises and Tests
- Exercises and tests on relative clauses
We use relative clauses to give additional information about something without starting another sentence. By combining sentences with a relative clause, your text becomes more fluent and you can avoid repeating certain words.
How to Form Relative Clauses
Imagine, a girl is talking to Tom. You want to know who she is and ask a friend whether he knows her. You could say:
A girl is talking to Tom. Do you know the girl?
That sounds rather complicated, doesn't it? It would be easier with a relative clause: you put both pieces of information into one sentence. Start with the most important thing – you want to know who the girl is.
Do you know the girl …
As your friend cannot know which girl you are talking about, you need to put in the additional information – the girl is talking to Tom. Use „the girl“ only in the first part of the sentence, in the second part replace it with the relative pronoun (for people, use the relative pronoun „who“). So the final sentence is:
Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom?
Relative Pronouns
| relative pronoun | use | example |
|---|---|---|
| who | subject or object pronoun for people | I told you about the woman who lives next door. |
| which | subject or object pronoun for animals and things | Do you see the cat which is lying on the roof? |
| which | referring to a whole sentence | He couldn’t read which surprised me. |
| whose | possession for people animals and things | Do you know the boy whose mother is a nurse? |
| whom | object pronoun for people, especially in non-defining relative clauses (in defining relative clauses we colloquially prefer who) | I was invited by the professor whom I met at the conference. |
| that | subject or object pronoun for people, animals and things in defining relative clauses (who or which are also possible) | I don’t like the table that stands in the kitchen. |
Subject Pronoun or Object Pronoun?
Subject and object pronouns cannot be distinguished by their forms - who, which, that are used for subject and object pronouns. You can, however, distinguish them as follows:
If the relative pronoun is followed by a verb, the relative pronoun is a subject pronoun. Subject pronouns must always be used.
the apple which is lying on the table
If the relative pronoun is not followed by a verb (but by a noun or pronoun), the relative pronoun is an object pronoun. Object pronouns can be dropped in defining relative clauses, which are then called Contact Clauses.
the apple (which) George lay on the table
Relative Adverbs
A relative adverb can be used instead of a relative pronoun plus preposition. This often makes the sentence easier to understand.
This is the shop in which I bought my bike.
→ This is the shop where I bought my bike.
→ This is the shop where I bought my bike.
| relative adverb | meaning | use | example |
|---|---|---|---|
| when | in/on which | refers to a time expression | the day when we met him |
| where | in/at which | refers to a place | the place where we met him |
| why | for which | refers to a reason | the reason why we met him |
Defining Relative Clauses
Defining relative clauses (also called identifying relative clauses or restrictive relative clauses) give detailed information defining a general term or expression. Defining relative clauses are not put in commas.
Imagine, Tom is in a room with five girls. One girl is talking to Tom and you ask somebody whether he knows this girl. Here the relative clause defines which of the five girls you mean.
Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom?
Defining relative clauses are often used in definitions.
A seaman is someone who works on a ship.
Object pronouns in defining relative clauses can be dropped. (Sentences with a relative clause without the relative pronoun are called Contact Clauses.)
The boy (who/whom) we met yesterday is very nice.
Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Non-defining relative clauses (also called non-identifying relative clauses or non-restrictive relative clauses) give additional information on something, but do not define it. Non-defining relative clauses are put in commas.
Imagine, Tom is in a room with only one girl. The two are talking to each other and you ask somebody whether he knows this girl. Here the relative clause is non-defining because in this situation it is obvious which girl you mean.
Do you know the girl, who is talking to Tom?
Note: In non-defining relative clauses, who/which may not be replaced with that.
Object pronouns in non-defining relative clauses must be used.
Jim, who/whom we met yesterday, is very nice.
How to Shorten Relative Clauses?
Relative clauses with who, which, that as subject pronoun can be replaced with a participle. This makes the sentence shorter and easier to understand.
I told you about the woman who lives next door. – I told you about the woman living next door.
Do you see the cat which is lying on the roof? – Do you see the cat lying on the roof?
Exercises on Relative Clauses
Relative Pronouns and Relative Adverbs
- Exercise on Relative Pronouns
- Subject Pronouns or Object Pronouns?
- Relative Pronouns – Necessary or not?
- Relative Pronouns – Necessary or not?
- Relative Adverbs
Relative Clauses and Contact Clauses
- Relative Clauses - Formation
- Contact Clauses
- Definitions with Relative Clauses
- Relative Clauses - defining or non-defining?
- Non-Defining Relative Clauses
- Forming Relative Clauses - defining and non-defining
Tests
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Relative Clauses + Exercises
Learn Relative Clauses with Examples and Exercises
What Is A Relative Clause?
A relative clause is a phrase that adds information to a sentence. All relative clauses describe a noun, and they begin with one of these relative pronouns or relative adverbs.
Relative Pronouns
- who (to describe people – subject)
The woman who works in the bank is my neighbor. - whom (to describe people – object)
My cousins, one of whom is a doctor, live in England. - whose (to describe possession)
The man whose car was stolen went to the police station. - that (to describe things – defining relative clauses)
I’m selling the computer that I bought in the U.S. - which (to describe things – non-defining relative clauses)
I’m selling this computer, which has a 250-GB hard drive, for $500.
Relative Adverbs
- when (to describe times)
My favorite season is fall, when all the leaves change color. - where (to describe places)
I visited the neighborhood where I grew up - why (to give a reason)
Do you know the reason why the stores are closed today?
Using relative clauses helps you create better sentences in English
Relative Clauses = Better Sentences In English
Here is an example of some English sentences without relative clauses:
- Yesterday I met a man. He works in the circus.
- I bought a cell phone. It has internet access.
- There’s the restaurant. I ate at that restaurant last night.
These sentences are correct, but they are very short and simple. You can use relative clauses to make your sentences in English sound more fluent and natural:
- Yesterday I met a man who works in the circus.
- I bought a cell phone that has internet access.
- There’s the restaurant where I ate last night.
Defining And Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Non-defining relative clauses add EXTRA information to the sentence.
Defining relative clauses add ESSENTIAL information to the sentence.
You can see if a relative clause is defining or non-defining by removing it from the sentence. If you remove a non-defining relative clause, the sentence still has the same meaning. If you remove a defining relative clause, the sentence has a different meaning or is incomplete.
Example of a sentence with a NON-DEFINING relative clause:
- My brother, who lives in California, is an engineer.
If you remove “who lives in California,” the sentence still has the same meaning:
- My brother is an engineer.
The relative clause “who lives in California” is extra information.
Example of a sentence with a DEFINING relative clause:
- That’s the student who failed English class three times.
If you remove “who failed English class three times,” the sentence is incomplete:
- That’s the student.
Therefore, the relative clause “who failed English class three times” is essential information, because it defines which student, specifically, we are talking about.
In written English, use a comma before and after non-defining relative clauses.
Learn when to use “which” and “that” in relative clauses
Which Or That?
Use which for non-defining relative clauses, and use a comma before it.
Use that for defining relative clauses, and don’t use a comma before it.
- The bananas that I bought on Monday are rotten.
- The bananas, which I bought on Monday, are rotten.
In the first case, it’s possible that we have two types of bananas in the house:
- Older bananas that I bought on Monday
- Newer bananas that I bought on Wednesday
…and that only the first bananas are rotten, but the second bananas are not rotten.
In the second case, all the bananas in the house were bought on Monday, and they are all rotten.
Again, to decide if a clause is defining or non-defining, try removing it from the sentence:
- I read all the books that I borrowed from the library.
Without clause: I read all the books.
(sentence is incomplete – WHAT books?) - The new Stephen King book, which I borrowed from the library, is very good.
Without clause: The new Stephen King book is very good.
(sentence is complete. The “library” part was only an extra detail)
Relative Clause Exercise
Choose the best pronoun to complete each sentence. Good luck!
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A good job
Exercise 1 - Defining relative clauses
Choose the correct answer.
https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/int/grammar/grammar_03_012e?cc=gt&selLanguage=en
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Relative Pronouns Exercises 2
Subject Explanations:Relative Pronouns
Adjective Clauses
Whose vs Of Which vs Of Whom
Subject Exercises:
Relative Clauses Practice
Relative Pronouns Exercise 1 / 2 / 3
Who vs Which Exercise 1 / 2 / 3
Which or Where Exercise
Drag and Drop Exercises:
Relative Clause Exercise 1 / 2 (Advanced)
Relative Clause Exercise 3 / 4 (Intermediate)
PDF Exercises: Worksheet 1 / 2
Multiple Choice Quizzes:
Relative Clauses Quizzes 1
A. Complete the exercise with who, whom, whose or where.
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RELATIVE CLAUSES INTRODUCTION There are two types of relative clauses: 1. Defining relative clauses 2. Non-defining relative clauses DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES These describe the preceding noun in such a way to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. A clause of this kind is essential to clear understanding of the noun. The boy who was playing is my brother. Defining Relative Pronouns SUBJECT OBJECT POSSESSIVE For people Who That Whom/Who That Whose For things Which That Which That Whose Of which
https://inglescarmelitaslb.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/relative-clauses.pdf
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Relative Clauses TESTS
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/relative-clauses-1
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/relative-clauses-2
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/relative-clauses-3
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/relative-clauses-4
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